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In the study of comparative religion, the East Asian religions (also known as Far Eastern religions or Taoic religions) form a subset of the Eastern religions. This group includes Confucianism, Shinto, Taoism, and elements of Mahayana Buddhism; as well as new religious movements such as I-Kuan Tao (Yiguandao), Chen Tao, Cao Đài, Hòa Hảo, Chondogyo, and Jeung San Do. These traditions or religious philosophies focus on the East Asian concept of Tao 道 ("The Way"; pinyin ''dào'', Korean ''do'', Japanese ''tō'' or ''dō'', Vietnamese ''đạo''). The place of East Asian religions among major religious groups is comparable to the Abrahamic religions and Indian religions.〔Sharot, Stephen. ''A Comparative Sociology of World Religions: virtuosos, priests, and popular religion''. Pp 71–72, 75–76. New York: NYU Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8147-9805-5.〕 East Asian religions are dominant in China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and other countries within the East Asian cultural sphere. Early Chinese philosophies defined Tao and advocated cultivating Te in that Tao.〔Maspero, Henri. Translated by Frank A. Kierman, Jr. ''Taoism and Chinese Religion''. pg 32. University of Massachusetts, 1981.〕 Some ancient schools have merged into traditions with different names or are no longer active, such as Mohism (and many others of the Hundred Schools of Thought), while some such as Taoism persist to the modern day. East Asian beliefs include polytheism, nontheism, henotheism, monotheism, pantheism, panentheism and agnostic. East Asian religions have many Western adherents, though their interpretations may differ significantly from traditional East Asian thought and culture. ==Terminology== Despite a wide variety of terms, the traditions described as "Far Eastern religions", "East Asian religions" or "Chinese religions" are recognized by scholars as a distinct religious family.〔de Groot, J. J. M. ''Religion in China: Universism a Key to the Study of Taoism and Confucianism''. Pp 45–46. Kessinger Publishing. 2004. ISBN 1-4179-4658-X.〕〔James, Edwin Olver. ''The Comparative Study of Religions of the East (excluding Christianity and Judaism).'' Pg 5. University of Michigan Press. 1959.〕 Syncretism is a common feature of East Asian religions, often making it difficult to recognize individual faiths.〔Ito, Satoshi. Translated by Breen, John and Mark Teeuwen. ''Shinto – A Short History''. Pg 9. Routledge. 2003. ISBN 0-415-31179-9〕〔Fisher, Mary Pat. Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths. Pg 164. I.B. Tauris. 1997. ISBN 1-86064-148-2.〕 Further complications arise from the inconsistent use of many terms. "Tao religion" is often used for Taoism itself, especially Tao chiao,〔Vrijhof, Pieter Hendrik & Waardenburg, Jean Jacques. ''Official and Popular Religion: Analysis of a Theme for Religious Studies''. Pg 419. Walter de Gruyter. 1979. ISBN 90-279-7998-7.〕 as well as being used as an identifying term for Tao-based new religious movements.〔Beversluis, Joel Diederik. ''Sourcebook of the World's Religions: An Interfaith Guide to Religion and Spirituality''. Pg 41. New World Library. 2000. ISBN 1-57731-121-3.〕 The term "Far Eastern religion" can be used to refer only to faiths incorporating "Tao", may include Ch'an and Japanese Buddhism, and can even inclusively refer to all Asian religions.〔Fisher, Mary Pat. Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths. Pp 164–165, 174–175. I.B. Tauris. 1997. ISBN 1-86064-148-2.〕〔Northrop, Filmer Stuart Cuckow. ''The Meeting of East and West: An Inquiry Concerning World Understanding''. Pg 412. The Macmillan company. 1946.〕〔Yamamoto, J. Isamu.''Buddhism: Buddhism, Taoism and Other Far Eastern Religions''. Zondervan. 1998. ISBN 0-310-48912-1.〕 These problems in distinguishing religious practices and with inconsistency in terminology can make discussion of East Asian religions difficult. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「East Asian religions」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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